Colon Polypectomy
What Is Colon Polypectomy and Why Is It Needed?
A colon polypectomy is a minimally invasive procedure used to remove colon polyps, which are small growths on the inner lining of the colon. These are usually benign but can sometimes be pre-cancerous.
A colonoscopy polypectomy is often performed during a colonoscopy exam. It is typically done on an outpatient or day surgery basis, and usually does not require external incisions.
The specific colon polyp removal technique used depends on the patient’s condition.
Cold Forceps Polypectomy
This method is used for very small (1-3 mm) polyps when a snare cannot easily encircle them. It involves biopsying the polyp without electrocautery.
Because larger polyps often cannot be completely removed with forceps alone, using this technique for those may lead to higher residual rates.
Cold Snare Polypectomy
This is the preferred technique for small colorectal polyps (generally <10 mm). No electrocautery is used, which reduces the risk of perforation and delayed bleeding compared to hot snaring.
Hot Snare Polypectomy
This method is often used for polyps ~1 cm or larger, especially those with stalks (pedunculated polyps). The surgeon cuts and simultaneously cauterises the tissue using electrocautery, reducing immediate bleeding risk.
With this procedure, there is a higher risk of thermal injury, such as deep burns, perforation, or delayed bleeding, compared to cold techniques.
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR)
This method is often used to remove larger sessile polyps (typically >10-20 mm). It involves injecting fluid to lift the lesion and then snare it, often in sections.
It enables minimally invasive removal of sizable polyps and selected early-stage superficial cancers without formal surgery, offering lower morbidity compared to surgical resection in appropriate cases.
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD)
This is used for en bloc resection of large or high-risk polyps by dissecting in the submucosal layer using advanced instruments. It achieves one-piece removal regardless of size, allowing clear margin evaluation and lower recurrence rates compared to piecemeal EMR.
This procedure is technically more demanding and time-consuming, with a higher complication rate.
When to Consider Colon Polypectomy
You should consider colon polyp removal if you have been diagnosed with colon polyps.
Endoscopic removal during colonoscopy is the standard treatment for most colon polyps. Surgery is reserved for cases where the polyp cannot be safely removed endoscopically or if cancer is suspected.
If you notice any of the signs or symptoms of a colorectal polyp, you should seek medical assessment. Early diagnosis and treatment are important in managing colon polyps and may help reduce the risk of progression to colorectal cancer.
See a Specialist on Colon Polypectomy
Book a consultation with our specialists so that we can assess you and recommend the best course of action or treatment plan that can resolve your problems.
What to Expect with Colon Polypectomy
Before the Surgery
Your pre-operation consultation will involve confirmation of the presence of colon polyps and an explanation of the recommended treatment. The procedure, its goals, and potential risks will be explained, as well as the pre-procedure rules you’ll need to follow.
At this stage, our colorectal specialist will also provide further details about your condition and treatment play. You may ask questions or raise concerns with us at this time, and we will do our best to address each one.
During the Surgery
Colon polyp removal is typically performed as a day surgery procedure. The type of anaesthesia used depends on the complexity of the case and the patient’s preference. The duration also varies by case, but it typically takes 20 to 60 minutes.
The steps in the main procedure are typically as follows:
- A colonoscope is inserted through your anus
- Carbon dioxide gas is used to gently inflate the colon to allow better visualisation during the procedure
- The lining of your colon is examined for polyps
- Discovered polyps are removed and retrieved using the chosen technique
- A final inspection of the colon is performed to check for additional polyps or bleeding at removal sites
After the Surgery
Most patients can go home within an hour or two after the procedure. Recovery is usually smooth, with most patients resuming normal activities within 1 to 2 days. If a large polyp is removed, you may be advised to avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activity for a longer period.
You will receive post-operative care instructions before discharge. Follow-up appointments may also be arranged where necessary.
During recovery, it is advised to look out for these symptoms and seek medical attention promptly if you experience any of the following symptoms:
- Severe abdominal pain that is more intense than simple gas cramps
- Heavy or persistent rectal bleeding, e.g. passing large clots of blood or needing to change a pad frequently
- Fever or chills
- Persistent nausea, vomiting, or dizziness
Recovery and Prognosis for Colon Polypectomy
Recovering from the procedure often takes 2 to 3 weeks. During this period, you may be asked to avoid vigorous activity for around 2 weeks and eat softer, easy-to-digest food for the first couple of days.
Recovery can vary, but many patients return to their usual activities within a few days.
Risks and Side Effects of Colon Polypectomy
Colon polypectomy, like any medical procedure, carries certain risks:
- Infection after surgery, although antibiotics may reduce this risk
- Other short-term complications or side effects like post-operative pain and light bleeding
- Perforation (a tear or hole in the wall of the colon), especially when removing larger polyps
- Post-Polypectomy Syndrome (postpolypectomy coagulation syndrome) in rare cases
- Polyp recurrence, which is usually monitored according to standard clinical guidelines
Surgery Fees and Insurance Coverage
Colon polypectomies are often Medisave or insurance-claimable. For a detailed fee breakdown or to check your eligibility for insurance or Medisave claims, please get in touch with us.
Procedures and Surgeries
Discuss Your Treatment Options with a Specialist
If you’ve been diagnosed with a colorectal condition or are experiencing ongoing discomfort, speak with our specialist to find out if surgery is right for you.